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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about a figure in Greek mythology. For other uses of "Procne", see <a href="Procne_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Procne (disambiguation)">Procne (disambiguation)</a>.</div>

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</style><table class="infobox ib-character"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above notheme">Procne</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="infobox-caption"><i>Philomela and Procne</i> (ca. 1900)<br>by <a href="Elizabeth_Jane_Gardner" title="Elizabeth Jane Gardner">Elizabeth Jane Gardner</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header notheme">In-universe information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alias</th><td class="infobox-data">Aëdon</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Species</th><td class="infobox-data">Human, then nightingale</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Gender</th><td class="infobox-data">Female</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Title</th><td class="infobox-data">Queen</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Significant <span class="nowrap">other</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Tereus" title="Tereus">Tereus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Itys" title="Itys">Itys</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data">

<ul><li><a href="Pandion_I" title="Pandion I">Pandion I</a> (father)</li>

<li><a href="Zeuxippe" title="Zeuxippe">Zeuxippe</a> (mother)</li>

<li><a href="Philomela" title="Philomela">Philomela</a>, <a href="Erechtheus" title="Erechtheus">Erechtheus</a>, <a href="Butes" title="Butes">Butes</a> (siblings)</li></ul>

</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abode</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>, <a href="Thrace" title="Thrace">Thrace</a></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p><b>Procne</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</span></span>; <a href="Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Πρόκνη</span>, <i>Próknē</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="el-Latn-fonipa">[pró.knɛː]</span>) or <b>Progne</b> is a minor figure in <a href="Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>. She was an <a href="Athens" title="Athens">Athenian</a> princess as the elder daughter of a <a href="King_of_Athens" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Athens">king of Athens</a> named <a href="Pandion_I" title="Pandion I">Pandion</a>. Procne was married to the king of <a href="Thrace" title="Thrace">Thrace</a>, <a href="Tereus" title="Tereus">Tereus</a>, who instead lusted after her sister <a href="Philomela" title="Philomela">Philomela</a>. Tereus forced himself on Philomela and locked her away. When Procne discovered her sister and her gruesome fate, she took revenge against her husband by murdering their only child, a young boy named <a href="Itys" title="Itys">Itys</a>. Procne's story serves as an origin myth for the <a href="Nightingale" class="mw-redirect" title="Nightingale">nightingale</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2></div>

<p>Procne's mother was the <a href="Naiad" title="Naiad">naiad</a> <a href="Zeuxippe" title="Zeuxippe">Zeuxippe</a> and her siblings were <a href="Philomela" title="Philomela">Philomela</a>, <a href="Erechtheus" title="Erechtheus">Erechtheus</a>, <a href="Butes" title="Butes">Butes</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and possibly <a href="Teuthras_(mythology)" title="Teuthras (mythology)">Teuthras</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She married King <a href="Tereus" title="Tereus">Tereus</a> of <a href="Thrace" title="Thrace">Thrace</a> and became the mother of <a href="Itys" title="Itys">Itys</a> (or <a href="Itylus" title="Itylus">Itylus</a>).

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mythology">Mythology</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tereus_and_Philomela">Tereus and Philomela</h3></div>

<p>Procne was given to wife to <a href="Tereus" title="Tereus">Tereus</a>, a king of <a href="Thrace" title="Thrace">Thrace</a>, in some versions because he assisted king Pandion in a war against the <a href="Laconia" title="Laconia">Laconians</a>, so Pandion gave him a daughter in marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-ov1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ov1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nonn_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nonn-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-apoll_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-apoll-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During their marriage they had a son named <a href="Itys" title="Itys">Itys</a>. As years passed, Procne began to feel homesick, and asked her husband to fetch her her younger sister <a href="Philomela" title="Philomela">Philomela</a>, so Tereus travelled to Athens in order to escort Philomela to her sister.<sup id="cite_ref-ov1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ov1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pandion was unsuspecting and Philomela excited, Tereus however conceived a great passion for the beautiful Philomela, which only grew and grew during the journey back home.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In one version, Tereus lied about Procne having died, and asked Pandion for Philomela's hand in marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When they reached the shore, he dragged her into the woods (and, as Ovid introduced, a cabin) and raped her in spite of her protests and pleading.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Philomela then threatened to tell everyone, so he in fear cut her tongue off, and put guards to prevent her from escaping. He then returned to Procne claiming that Philomela had died during the journey; Procne greatly mourned her sister.<sup id="cite_ref-ov2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ov2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Procne_finds_out">Procne finds out</h3></div>

<p>Some time passed,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and soon a Thracian festival in honour to <a href="Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a> was held, during which it was customary for the Thracian women to gather gifts and send them to their queen.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Philomela, unable to speak or escape her prison, wove in letters in her tapestry or a gown, that spoke of her fate at the hands of Tereus, and sent it to Procne. Once Procne got hands on her tapestry, she disguised herself in bacchic attire, joined the festivities with the other women, and located the cabin in which Philomela was kept captive. She broke in, snatched her sister, dressed her instead in her clothes, and sneaked her into Tereus's palace without anyone seeing them.<sup id="cite_ref-ov3_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ov3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<p>Although Philomela was unable to fully inform Procne of her woes due to no longer possessing a tongue, Procne nevertheless promised her sister to avenge the great injustice done to her.<sup id="cite_ref-ov3_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ov3-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As she was pondering on a fitting way to enact revenge against her husband, her young son Itys entered the chamber in search of his mother. Procne, wanting revenge against Tereus and seeing their son as nothing but an extension of his father, slew him as he screamed and cooked him. Then she invited Tereus for dinner, with the excuse that according to an Athenian custom, the wife had to prepare dinner for her husband away from everyone else.<sup id="cite_ref-ov4_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ov4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tereus <a href="Human_cannibalism" title="Human cannibalism">ate his son</a>, and when he asked where the child was, the two women presented him with the head of Itys.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<blockquote><p>Tereus eats by himself, seated in his tall ancestral chair, and fills his belly with his own child. And in the darkness of his understanding cries 'Fetch Itys here'. Procne cannot hide her cruel exultation, and now, eager to be, herself, the messenger of destruction, she cries 'You have him there, inside, the one you ask for.' He looks around and questions where the boy is. And then while he is calling out and seeking him, Philomela, springs forward, her hair wet with the dew of that frenzied murder, and hurls the bloodstained head of Itys in his father's face. Nor was there a time when she wished more strongly to have the power of speech, and to declare her exultation in fitting words.<sup id="cite_ref-ov4_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ov4-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tereus's_revenge">Tereus's revenge</h3></div>

<p>Enraged, Tereus grabbed his sword and began to hunt down his wife and her sister with the intention to kill them. The two women ran, but he caught up to them in <a href="Daulia" class="mw-redirect" title="Daulia">Daulia</a>, in <a href="Phocis" title="Phocis">Phocis</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for which they were later called 'ladies of Daulia'.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gods, taking notice, transformed them all into birds.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tereus became a hoopoe, and the women into a nightingale and a swallow. While Greek sources traditionally held that Procne became the singing nightingale and Philomela the silent swallow, Roman authors tended to swap the birds, so that Procne became the swallow, and Philomela the nightingale.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEForbes_Irving199099–102_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEForbes_Irving199099–102-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This pattern is only broken by a Hellenistic Greek writer named <a href="Agatharchides" title="Agatharchides">Agatharchides</a>, who refers to Philomela as a nightingale.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A late antiquity scholiast, <a href="Pseudo-Nonnus" title="Pseudo-Nonnus">Pseudo-Nonnus</a>, names <a href="Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> specifically as the god who put an end to the chase by transforming them all into birds.<sup id="cite_ref-nonn_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nonn-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a bird, Procne continued to mourn the death of her child for all time.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variations_and_origins">Variations and origins</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_versions">Other versions</h3></div>

<p>The Byzantine scholar <a href="Eustathius_of_Thessalonica" title="Eustathius of Thessalonica">Eustathius of Thessalonica</a> swapped the roles of the two sisters, so that Procne is the unmarried woman who was raped and mutilated by Tereus.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One author has Tereus succeed in murdering both Procne and Philomela before they are all transformed into birds, but hoopoes continued to chase swallows and nightingales.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<p>A more or less identical tale is said of <a href="A%C3%ABdon" title="Aëdon">Aëdon</a> ("nightingale", supplanting Procne), <a href="Chelidon_(mythology)" title="Chelidon (mythology)">Chelidon</a> ("swallow", supplanting Philomela) and <a href="Polytechnus" title="Polytechnus">Polytechnus</a> (supplanting Tereus); in this version, which takes place in <a href="Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Asia Minor</a> rather than Thrace, Polytechnus loses a bet against his wife and has to find her a female slave, so he rapes (but does not maim) her sister Chelidon.<sup id="cite_ref-anton_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anton-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECeloria199211_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECeloria199211-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once Chelidon reveals to Aëdon what has happened, the myth proceeds as above, with the difference that the two women manage to reach their father (who is <a href="Pandareus" title="Pandareus">Pandareus</a> here) who has his servants beat and tie up Polytechnus, and then smeared with honey and left to the mercy of insects.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECeloria199211_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECeloria199211-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aëdon, in pity, scares the flies away from her husband, enraging her family. As her father, mother and brother try to attack her, the gods intervene at last and change them all into birds (Aëdon and Chelidon as per usual, but Polytechnus becomes a woodpecker, Pandareus a sea-eagle, the mother a kingfisher, and it is the brother who becomes a hoopoe).<sup id="cite_ref-anton_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anton-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECeloria199272_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECeloria199272-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<p>The first traces of the myth come early, as both <a href="Hesiod" title="Hesiod">Hesiod</a> and <a href="Sappho" title="Sappho">Sappho</a> refer to the swallow as <i>Pandionis</i>, or "daughter of Pandion".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEForbes_Irving1990248_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEForbes_Irving1990248-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a> also mentions Aëdon the daughter of Pandareus who killed her son <a href="Itylus" title="Itylus">Itylus</a>, however he makes no mention of a swallow, and the context of this version differs greatly while the name of her husband is given as <a href="Amphion_and_Zethus" title="Amphion and Zethus">Zethus</a>, the king of <a href="Thebes%2C_Greece" title="Thebes, Greece">Thebes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEForbes_Irving1990248_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEForbes_Irving1990248-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As later authors on Homer would clarify and expand, Aëdon the wife of King Zethus killed her son accidentally while trying to kill another boy, <a href="Amaleus" title="Amaleus">Amaleus</a>, the son of her sister-in-law <a href="Niobe" title="Niobe">Niobe</a> (the wife of Zethus's twin brother Amphion), envious of Niobe's vast progeny when she had born only one child.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This version with Niobe and Amaleus is also attributed to <a href="Pherecydes_of_Athens" title="Pherecydes of Athens">Pherecydes of Athens</a>, a fifth-century BC mythographer; it has been suggested that the earliest myth concerned a woman trying to harm her rival's child; it is possible that the Anatolian Pandareus (Aëdon's father) was confused with the Athenian Pandion (king of Athens) due to their names' similarity, and thus the nightingale and the swallow joined the Athenian mythological traditions, as both Procne and Philomela are in a sense intrusive to the legendary Athenian royal line.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1948152–153_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1948152–153-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_tragic_poets">The tragic poets</h4></div>

<p>One of the earliest full accounts was given by <a href="Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>, in his now lost play <i><a href="Tereus_(play)" title="Tereus (play)">Tereus</a></i>, of which only brief fragments and a synopsis remain as means for reconstruction. According to Fitzpatrick, the play apparently began with Tereus arriving in Thrace and lying to Procne about Philomela being dead, while bringing with him a female slave, who is in truth Philomela in forced disguise.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Procne would have a soliloquy where she laments her isolation and the social position of married women, and in particular her position as a Greek woman married to a barbarian (a foreigner),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200195_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200195-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> before discovering the truth thanks to the tapestry.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The recognition of Philomela would have taken place on stage, followed by Procne's gruesome revenge and Tereus's realization of his own <a href="Human_cannibalism" title="Human cannibalism">cannibalism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A messenger then would announce the transformation of the three into birds by a <i><a href="Deus-ex-machina" class="mw-redirect" title="Deus-ex-machina">deus-ex-machina</a></i>, who in this play most likely was <a href="Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Jennifer Marsh has argued that Sophocles was inspired by <a href="Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>'s play <i><a href="Medea_(play)" title="Medea (play)">Medea</a></i>, a work where a woman murders her children in order to enact revenge against her husband, and subsequently it was him who introduced the element of infanticide and child-eating in Procne's story.<sup id="cite_ref-jenn_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jenn-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chorus from <i>Medea</i> claim to know only one other woman who killed her child besides Medea herself, <a href="Ino_(mythology)" title="Ino (mythology)">Ino</a>, apparently knowing nothing of Procne.<sup id="cite_ref-jenn_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jenn-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reverse however, that Euripides was inspired by Sophocles's portrayal of Procne for his depiction of Medea, could also be true.<sup id="cite_ref-jenn_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jenn-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, it is also possible that the pedophagy <i>was</i> part of the earlier telling Sophocles used as source, and rather it is the Thracian setting that is a Sophoclean addition.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200191_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200191-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the rape and the mutilation of Philomela does not have a clear precedent before Sophocles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200191_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200191-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also likely that it was Sophocles who introduced the names 'Procne' and 'Philomela' to the Nightingale and Swallow known to Homer and Hesiod.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1948151_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1948151-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Earlier than Sophocles, a seventh century BC metope from a temple of Apollo seem to attest to the notion of the nightingale and the swallow being partners of Itys/Itylus's<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> murder, with Aëdon/Procne as the main culprit.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200190_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200190-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some vases, although much less certainly, might depict the scene of the murder.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200190_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200190-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2></div>

<p>The swallow <a href="Genus" title="Genus">genera</a> <i><a href="Progne" title="Progne">Progne</a></i>, <i><a href="Crag_martin" title="Crag martin">Ptyonoprogne</a></i> and <i><a href="Saw-wing" title="Saw-wing">Psalidoprocne</a></i> and the treeswift family <i><a href="Treeswift" title="Treeswift">Hemiprocnidae</a></i> derive their names from the myth of this Thracian queen.

</p>

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<ul><li><a href="Child_cannibalism" title="Child cannibalism">Child cannibalism</a></li>

<li><a href="Gudrun" title="Gudrun">Gudrun</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Titus_Andronicus" title="Titus Andronicus">Titus Andronicus</a></i></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A full year according to Ovid, during which time it is implied that Tereus violated the imprisoned Philomela multiple times.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Itylus is the spelling in Homer and Pherecydes, but by the time of Sophocles, 'Itys' had been well established.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200190_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200190-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.perseus.org/citations/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0548.tlg001.perseus-eng1:3.14.8">3.14.8</a>.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Stephanus_of_Byzantium" title="Stephanus of Byzantium">Stephanus of Byzantium</a>, s.v. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/241#Th310.9">Thespeia</a></i></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ov1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ov1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ov1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <i><a href="Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovid.lib.virginia.edu/trans/Metamorph6.htm#480077265">6.401-438</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-nonn-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nonn_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nonn_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Pseudo-Nonnus" title="Pseudo-Nonnus">Pseudo-Nonnus</a>, <i>Commentary on <a href="Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory of Nazianzus</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/antiq_0770-2817_1976_num_45_1_1818">39</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-apoll-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-apoll_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/apollodorus_mythographer-library/1921/pb_LCL122.99.xml">3.14.8</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i>Metamorphoses</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovid.lib.virginia.edu/trans/Metamorph6.htm#480077266">6.439-485</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Hyginus_(Fabulae)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyginus (Fabulae)">Hyginus</a>, <i>Fabulae</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#45">45</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i>Metamorphoses</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovid.lib.virginia.edu/trans/Metamorph6.htm#480077267">6.486-548</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ov2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ov2_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i>Metamorphoses</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovid.lib.virginia.edu/trans/Metamorph6.htm#480077268">6.549-570</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Libanius" title="Libanius">Libanius</a>, <i><a href="Progymnasmata" title="Progymnasmata">Progymnasmata</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kRi-If9IAOYC&pg=PA25">18</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ov3-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ov3_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ov3_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i>Metamorphoses</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovid.lib.virginia.edu/trans/Metamorph6.htm#480077269">6.571-619</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ov4-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ov4_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ov4_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i>Metamorphoses</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovid.lib.virginia.edu/trans/Metamorph6.htm#480077270">6.619-652</a></span>

</li>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFSalisbury2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Joyce_E._Salisbury" title="Joyce E. Salisbury">Salisbury, Joyce E.</a> (2001). <i>Encyclopedia of Women in the Ancient World</i>. ABC-CLIO Ltd. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>1576070921</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Apollodorus, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/apollodorus_mythographer-library/1921/pb_LCL122.99.xml">3.14.8</a>; <a href="Stephanus_of_Byzantium" title="Stephanus of Byzantium">Stephanus of Byzantium</a>, s.v. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/241#D221.8">Daulis</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <i><a href="Moralia" title="Moralia">Questiones Convivales</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/plutarch-moralia_table_talk/1961/pb_LCL425.169.xml">727c</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i>Metamorphoses</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ovid.lib.virginia.edu/trans/Metamorph6.htm#480077271">6.653-674</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEForbes_Irving199099–102-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEForbes_Irving199099–102_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFForbes_Irving1990">Forbes Irving 1990</a>, pp. 99–102.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Agatharchides" title="Agatharchides">Agatharchides</a>, <i>De Mare Erythraeo</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/geographigraeci03mlgoog/page/114/mode/1up?view=theater">7.34-35</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="John_Tzetzes" title="John Tzetzes">Tzetzes</a>, <i>Chiliades</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theoi.com/Text/TzetzesChiliades7.html">7.43</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For the comparison between Homer's version and Eusthathius's version of the myth, see: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SyAOAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA139">Notes to Book XIX (regarding line 605&c.)</a> in Pope, Alexander. <i>The Odyssey of Homer, translated by A. Pope</i>, Volume V. (London: F. J. DuRoveray, 1806), 139–140.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Conon_(mythographer)" title="Conon (mythographer)">Conon</a>, <i>Narrations</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/489#31">31</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-anton-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-anton_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-anton_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="Antoninus_Liberalis" title="Antoninus Liberalis">Antoninus Liberalis</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/216#11">11</a></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECeloria199211-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECeloria199211_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECeloria199211_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCeloria1992">Celoria 1992</a>, p. 11.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECeloria199272-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECeloria199272_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCeloria1992">Celoria 1992</a>, p. 72.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEForbes_Irving1990248-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEForbes_Irving1990248_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEForbes_Irving1990248_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFForbes_Irving1990">Forbes Irving 1990</a>, p. 248.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCancikSchneider2006" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Cancik, Hubert; Schneider, Helmuth (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/pandareus-e905510?s.num=0&s.f.s2_parent=s.f.book.brill-s-new-pauly">"Pandareus"</a>. <i><a href="Brill's_New_Pauly" class="mw-redirect" title="Brill's New Pauly">Brill's New Pauly</a></i>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1574-9347_bnp_e905510">10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e905510</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2023</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1948152–153-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1948152–153_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFontenrose1948">Fontenrose 1948</a>, pp. 152–153.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200741_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFitzpatrick2007">Fitzpatrick 2007</a>, p. 41.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200195-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200195_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFitzpatrick2001">Fitzpatrick 2001</a>, p. 95.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-jenn-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jenn_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jenn_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jenn_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMarsh2000" class="citation book cs1">Marsh, Jenny (2000). "Vases and Tragic Drama". In Rutter; N.K.; Sparkes, B.A. (eds.). <i>Word and Image in Ancient Greece</i>. <a href="Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>: <a href="University_of_Edinburgh" title="University of Edinburgh">University of Edinburgh</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">121–</span>123, <span class="nowrap">133–</span>134.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200191-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200191_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200191_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFitzpatrick2001">Fitzpatrick 2001</a>, p. 91.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1948151-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFontenrose1948151_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFontenrose1948">Fontenrose 1948</a>, p. 151.</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200190-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200190_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200190_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzpatrick200190_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFitzpatrick2001">Fitzpatrick 2001</a>, p. 90.</span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2></div>

<ul><li><a href="Antoninus_Liberalis" title="Antoninus Liberalis">Antoninus Liberalis</a>, <i>The Metamorphoses of Antoninus Liberalis</i> translated by Francis Celoria (Routledge 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/216">Online version at the Topos Text Project.</a></li>

<li><a href="Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <i>The Library</i> with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. ISBN 0-674-99135-4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0021">Greek text available from the same website</a>.</li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFCeloria1992" class="citation book cs1">Celoria, Francis (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cHt0DwAAQBAJ"><i>The Metamorphoses of Antoninus Liberalis: A Translation with Commentary</i></a>. <a href="Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780415068963</bdi>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFFitzpatrick2007" class="citation journal cs1">Fitzpatrick, David (November 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.open.ac.uk/ClassicalStudies/GreekPlays/Practitioners/issue1/Fitzpatrick.pdf">"Reconstructing a Fragmentary Tragedy 2: Sophocles' Tereus"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Practitioners Voices in Classical Reception Studies</i> (1): <span class="nowrap">39–</span>45.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFFitzpatrick2001" class="citation journal cs1">Fitzpatrick, David (2001). "Sophocles' Tereus". <i>The Classical Quarterly</i>. <b>51</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">90–</span>101. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fcq%2F51.1.90">10.1093/cq/51.1.90</a>. <a href="JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3556330">3556330</a>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFFontenrose1948" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="Joseph_Fontenrose" title="Joseph Fontenrose">Fontenrose, Joseph Eddy</a> (1948). "The Sorrows of Ino and Procne". <i>Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association</i>. <b>79</b>. Johns Hopkins University Press: <span class="nowrap">125–</span>167. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F283358">10.2307/283358</a>. <a href="JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/283358">283358</a>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFForbes_Irving1990" class="citation book cs1">Forbes Irving, Paul M. C. (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=URvXAAAAMAAJ"><i>Metamorphosis in Greek Myths</i></a>. <a href="Clarendon_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Clarendon Press">Clarendon Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>0-19-814730-9</bdi>.</cite></li>

<li><a href="Maurus_Servius_Honoratus" class="mw-redirect" title="Maurus Servius Honoratus">Maurus Servius Honoratus</a>, <i>In Vergilii carmina comentarii. Servii Grammatici qui feruntur in Vergilii carmina commentarii;</i> recensuerunt Georgius Thilo et Hermannus Hagen. Georgius Thilo. Leipzig. B. G. Teubner. 1881. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0053">Online version at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFOvid2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/Ovhome.php"><i>Metamorphoses</i></a>. Translated by Anthony S. Kline. Borders Classics. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781587261565</bdi>.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFPausanias1918" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a> (1918). <i>Description of Greece</i>. <a href="Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> 93. Vol. I: Books 1-2 (Attica and Corinth). Translated by W. H. S. Jones. <a href="Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a> MA: <a href="Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>.</cite></li>

<li>Publius Ovidius Naso, <i>Metamorphoses.</i> Hugo Magnus. Gotha (Germany). Friedr. Andr. Perthes. 1892. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0029">Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library</a>.</li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFPlutarch1961" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a> (1961). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/LCL425/1961/volume.xml"><i>Moralia</i></a>. <a href="Loeb_Classical_Library" title="Loeb Classical Library">Loeb Classical Library</a> 425. Vol. IX: Table-Talk, Books 7-9. Dialogue on Love. Translated by Edwin L. Minar; F. H. Sandbach; W. C. Helmbold. Cambridge, MA: <a href="Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>.</cite></li>

<li><a href="Stephanus_of_Byzantium" title="Stephanus of Byzantium">Stephanus of Byzantium</a>, <i>Stephani Byzantii Ethnicorum quae supersunt,</i> edited by August Meineike (1790–1870), published 1849. A few entries from this important ancient handbook of place names have been translated by Brady Kiesling. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/241">Online version at the Topos Text Project.</a></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFSmith1873" class="citation book cs1"><a href="William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">Smith, William</a> (1873). <i><a href="Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology">A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology</a></i>. London: John Murray, printed by Spottiswoode and Co., New-Street Square and Parliament Street.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Philomela_and_Procne" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Philomela and Procne">Philomela and Procne</a></span>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFSchmitz1870" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="Leonhard_Schmitz" title="Leonhard Schmitz">Schmitz, Leonhard</a> (1870). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology/Procne"><a class="external text external" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology/Procne">"Procne" </a></span>. In <a href="William_Smith_(lexicographer)" title="William Smith (lexicographer)">Smith, William</a> (ed.). <i><a href="Dictionary_of_Greek_and_Roman_Biography_and_Mythology" title="Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology">Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology</a></i>.</cite></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology155" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Metamorphoses_in_Greek_mythology" title="Metamorphoses in Greek mythology">Metamorphoses in Greek mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Animals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Avian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Acanthis_(mythology)" title="Acanthis (mythology)">Acanthis</a></li>

<li><a href="Acanthus_(son_of_Autonous)" title="Acanthus (son of Autonous)">Acanthus</a></li>

<li><a href="Acmon" title="Acmon">Acmon</a></li>

<li><a href="A%C3%ABdon" title="Aëdon">Aëdon</a></li>

<li><a href="Aegolius_(mythology)" title="Aegolius (mythology)">Aegolius</a></li>

<li><a href="Aegypius_(mythology)" title="Aegypius (mythology)">Aegypius</a></li>

<li><a href="A%C3%ABtos" title="Aëtos">Aëtos</a></li>

<li><a href="Aesacus" title="Aesacus">Aesacus</a></li>

<li><a href="Agrius_and_Oreius_(mythology)" title="Agrius and Oreius (mythology)">Agrius and Oreius</a></li>

<li><a href="Agron_(mythology)" title="Agron (mythology)">Agron</a></li>

<li><a href="Alcander_(mythology)" title="Alcander (mythology)">Alcander</a></li>

<li><a href="Alcyone_(daughter_of_Sciron)" title="Alcyone (daughter of Sciron)">Alcyone</a></li>

<li><a href="Alcyone_and_Ceyx" title="Alcyone and Ceyx">Alcyone and Ceyx</a></li>

<li><a href="Alcyonides" title="Alcyonides">Alcyonides</a></li>

<li><a href="Alectryon_(mythology)" title="Alectryon (mythology)">Alectryon</a></li>

<li><a href="Anthus_(mythology)" title="Anthus (mythology)">Anthus</a></li>

<li><a href="Antigone_of_Troy" class="mw-redirect" title="Antigone of Troy">Antigone</a></li>

<li><a href="Argus_Panoptes" title="Argus Panoptes">Argus</a></li>

<li><a href="Arne_Sithonis" title="Arne Sithonis">Arne Sithonis</a></li>

<li><a href="Artemiche" title="Artemiche">Artemiche</a></li>

<li><a href="Ascalaphus_(son_of_Acheron)" title="Ascalaphus (son of Acheron)">Ascalaphus</a></li>

<li><a href="Asteria" title="Asteria">Asteria</a></li>

<li><a href="Autonous" title="Autonous">Autonous</a></li>

<li><a href="Botres" title="Botres">Botres</a></li>

<li><a href="Bulis_(mythology)" title="Bulis (mythology)">Bulis</a></li>

<li><a href="Byssa_(mythology)" title="Byssa (mythology)">Byssa</a></li>

<li><a href="Caeneus" title="Caeneus">Caeneus</a></li>

<li><a href="Celeus_(Crete)" title="Celeus (Crete)">Celeus</a></li>

<li><a href="Cerberus_(Greek_myth)" title="Cerberus (Greek myth)">Cerberus</a></li>

<li><a href="Chelidon_(mythology)" title="Chelidon (mythology)">Chelidon</a></li>

<li><a href="Cinyras" title="Cinyras">Cinyras</a></li>

<li><a href="Clinis" title="Clinis">Clinis</a></li>

<li><a href="Combe_(mythology)" title="Combe (mythology)">Combe</a></li>

<li><a href="Corone_(crow)" title="Corone (crow)">Corone</a></li>

<li><a href="Ctesylla" title="Ctesylla">Ctesylla</a></li>

<li><a href="Cycnus_(son_of_Apollo)" title="Cycnus (son of Apollo)">Cycnus (son of Apollo)</a></li>

<li><a href="Cycnus_(son_of_Ares)" title="Cycnus (son of Ares)">Cycnus (son of Ares)</a></li>

<li><a href="Cycnus_(son_of_Poseidon)" title="Cycnus (son of Poseidon)">Cycnus (son of Poseidon)</a></li>

<li><a href="Cycnus_(son_of_Sthenelus)" title="Cycnus (son of Sthenelus)">Cycnus (son of Sthenelus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Daedalion" title="Daedalion">Daedalion</a></li>

<li><a href="Erinoma" title="Erinoma">Erinoma</a></li>

<li><a href="Erodius" title="Erodius">Erodius</a></li>

<li><a href="Eumelus" title="Eumelus">Eumelus</a></li>

<li><a href="Gerana" title="Gerana">Gerana</a></li>

<li><a href="Harmotho%C3%AB" title="Harmothoë">Harmothoë</a></li>

<li><a href="Harpalyce_(daughter_of_Clymenus)" title="Harpalyce (daughter of Clymenus)">Harpalyce</a></li>

<li><a href="Harpasus" title="Harpasus">Harpasus</a></li>

<li><a href="Harpe_(mythology)" title="Harpe (mythology)">Harpe</a></li>

<li><a href="Hierax_(mythology)" title="Hierax (mythology)">Hierax</a></li>

<li><a href="Hippodamia_(wife_of_Autonous)" title="Hippodamia (wife of Autonous)">Hippodamia</a></li>

<li><a href="Hyperippe" title="Hyperippe">Hyperippe</a></li>

<li><a href="Hyria_(mythology)" title="Hyria (mythology)">Hyria</a></li>

<li><a href="Ictinus_(mythology)" title="Ictinus (mythology)">Ictinus</a></li>

<li><a href="Laius_(Crete)" title="Laius (Crete)">Laius</a></li>

<li><a href="Lelante" title="Lelante">Lelante</a></li>

<li><a href="Lycius_(son_of_Clinis)" title="Lycius (son of Clinis)">Lycius</a></li>

<li><a href="Lycus_(mythology)" title="Lycus (mythology)">Lycus</a></li>

<li><a href="Megaletor" title="Megaletor">Megaletor</a></li>

<li><a href="Meleagrids" title="Meleagrids">Meleagrids</a></li>

<li><a href="Memnon" title="Memnon">Memnonides</a></li>

<li><a href="Meropis_(mythology)" title="Meropis (mythology)">Meropis</a></li>

<li><a href="Merops_(mythology)" title="Merops (mythology)">Merops</a></li>

<li><a href="Minyades" title="Minyades">Minyades</a></li>

<li><a href="Munichus" title="Munichus">Munichus</a></li>

<li><a href="Neophron_(Greek_myth)" title="Neophron (Greek myth)">Neophron</a></li>

<li><a href="Nisos" title="Nisos">Nisus</a></li>

<li><a href="Nyctaea" title="Nyctaea">Nyctaea</a></li>

<li><a href="Nyctimene_(mythology)" title="Nyctimene (mythology)">Nyctimene</a></li>

<li><a href="Oenoe_(mythology)" title="Oenoe (mythology)">Oenoe</a></li>

<li><a href="Oenotropae" title="Oenotropae">Oenotropae</a></li>

<li><a href="Ortygius" title="Ortygius">Ortygius</a></li>

<li><a href="Pandareus" title="Pandareus">Pandareus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pelia_(mythology)" title="Pelia (mythology)">Pelia</a></li>

<li><a href="Perdix_(mythology)" title="Perdix (mythology)">Perdix</a></li>

<li><a href="Periphas_(king_of_Attica)" title="Periphas (king of Attica)">Periphas</a></li>

<li><a href="Peristera_(mythology)" title="Peristera (mythology)">Peristera</a></li>

<li><a href="Picus" title="Picus">Picus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pierides_(mythology)" title="Pierides (mythology)">Pierides</a></li>

<li><a href="Phene_(mythology)" title="Phene (mythology)">Phene</a></li>

<li><a href="Philaeus_(mythology)" title="Philaeus (mythology)">Philaeus</a></li>

<li><a href="Philomela" title="Philomela">Philomela</a></li>

<li><a href="Pleiades_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pleiades (Greek mythology)">Pleiades</a></li>

<li><a href="Polyphonte" title="Polyphonte">Polyphonte</a></li>

<li><a href="Polytechnus" title="Polytechnus">Polytechnus</a></li>

<li><a href="Rhexenor" title="Rhexenor">Rhexenor</a></li>

<li><a href="Schoeneus" title="Schoeneus">Schoeneus</a></li>

<li><a href="Scylla_(daughter_of_Nisus)" title="Scylla (daughter of Nisus)">Scylla</a></li>

<li><a href="Tereus" title="Tereus">Tereus</a></li>

<li><a href="Timandra_(mother_of_Neophron)" title="Timandra (mother of Neophron)">Timandra</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cef2e0;">Non-avian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Actaeon" title="Actaeon">Actaeon</a></li>

<li><a href="Arachne" title="Arachne">Arachne</a></li>

<li><a href="Arcas" title="Arcas">Arcas</a></li>

<li><a href="Aristaeus_(Giant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aristaeus (Giant)">Aristaeus</a></li>

<li><a href="Ascalabus" title="Ascalabus">Ascalabus</a></li>

<li><a href="Atalanta" title="Atalanta">Atalanta</a></li>

<li><a href="Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a></li>

<li><a href="Calchus" title="Calchus">Calchus</a></li>

<li><a href="Callisto_(mythology)" title="Callisto (mythology)">Callisto</a></li>

<li><a href="Cephissus_(mythology)" title="Cephissus (mythology)">Cephissus</a></li>

<li><a href="Cerambus" title="Cerambus">Cerambus</a></li>

<li><a href="Cercopes" title="Cercopes">Cercopes</a></li>

<li><a href="Chelone_(mythology)" title="Chelone (mythology)">Chelone</a></li>

<li><a href="Circe" title="Circe">Circe</a></li>

<li><a href="Korybantes" title="Korybantes">Curetes</a></li>

<li><a href="Cynosura_(nymph)" title="Cynosura (nymph)">Cynosura</a></li>

<li><a href="Galanthis" title="Galanthis">Galanthis</a></li>

<li><a href="Harmonia" title="Harmonia">Harmonia</a></li>

<li><a href="Hecuba" title="Hecuba">Hecuba</a></li>

<li><a href="Helice_(mythology)" title="Helice (mythology)">Helice</a></li>

<li><a href="Hippomenes" title="Hippomenes">Hippomenes</a></li>

<li><a href="Lycaon_(king_of_Arcadia)" title="Lycaon (king of Arcadia)">Lycaon</a></li>

<li><a href="Lycian_peasants" title="Lycian peasants">Lycian peasants</a></li>

<li><a href="Lyncus" title="Lyncus">Lyncus</a></li>

<li><a href="Megisto_(mythology)" title="Megisto (mythology)">Megisto</a></li>

<li><a href="Melanippe" title="Melanippe">Melanippe</a></li>

<li><a href="Euphorion_(mythology)" title="Euphorion (mythology)">Melian nymphs</a></li>

<li><a href="Melissa" title="Melissa">Melissa</a></li>

<li><a href="Minyades" title="Minyades">Minyades</a></li>

<li><a href="Myrmex_(Attic_woman)" title="Myrmex (Attic woman)">Myrmex</a></li>

<li><a href="Nerites_(mythology)" title="Nerites (mythology)">Nerites</a></li>

<li><a href="Ocyrhoe" title="Ocyrhoe">Ocyrhoe</a></li>

<li><a href="Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pentheus" title="Pentheus">Pentheus</a></li>

<li><a href="Phalanx_(mythology)" title="Phalanx (mythology)">Phalanx</a></li>

<li><a href="Phineus" title="Phineus">Phineus</a></li>

<li><a href="Phoenice_(mythology)" title="Phoenice (mythology)">Phoenice</a></li>

<li><a href="Pompilus_(mythology)" title="Pompilus (mythology)">Pompilus</a></li>

<li><a href="Taygete" title="Taygete">Taygete</a></li>

<li><a href="Theophane" title="Theophane">Theophane</a></li>

<li><a href="Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li>

<li><a href="Titanis_(mythology)" title="Titanis (mythology)">Titanis</a></li>

<li><a href="Tithonus" title="Tithonus">Tithonus</a></li>

<li>Tyrrhenian pirates

<ul><li><a href="Aethalides_(mythology)" title="Aethalides (mythology)">Aethalides</a></li>

<li><a href="Alcimedon" title="Alcimedon">Alcimedon</a></li>

<li><a href="Dictys" title="Dictys">Dictys</a></li>

<li><a href="Epopeus" title="Epopeus">Epopeus</a></li>

<li><a href="Melas_(mythology)" title="Melas (mythology)">Melas</a></li>

<li><a href="Medon_(mythology)" title="Medon (mythology)">Medon</a></li>

<li><a href="Opheltes_(mythology)" title="Opheltes (mythology)">Opheltes</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"></span><br><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"></span><br><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Base appearance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Achilles_(son_of_Zeus)" title="Achilles (son of Zeus)">Achilles</a></li>

<li><a href="Antigone_of_Troy" class="mw-redirect" title="Antigone of Troy">Antigone</a></li>

<li><a href="Charybdis" title="Charybdis">Charybdis</a></li>

<li><a href="Lamia" title="Lamia">Lamia</a></li>

<li><a href="Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a></li>

<li><a href="Midas" title="Midas">Midas</a></li>

<li><a href="Pyramus_and_Thisbe" title="Pyramus and Thisbe">Mulberry fruit</a></li>

<li><a href="Phaon" title="Phaon">Phaon</a></li>

<li><a href="Scylla" title="Scylla">Scylla</a></li>

<li><a href="Siren_(mythology)" title="Siren (mythology)">Sirens</a></li>

<li><a href="Lycius_(son_of_Clinis)" title="Lycius (son of Clinis)">White raven</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Humanoids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Calliste_(mythology)" title="Calliste (mythology)">Calliste</a></li>

<li><a href="Cymodoce_(mythology)" title="Cymodoce (mythology)">Cymodoce</a></li>

<li><a href="Arcesius" title="Arcesius">Cephalus' wife</a></li>

<li><a href="Galatea_(mythology)" title="Galatea (mythology)">Galatea</a></li>

<li><a href="Leleges" title="Leleges">Leleges</a></li>

<li><a href="Myrmidons" title="Myrmidons">Myrmidons</a></li>

<li><a href="Nephele" title="Nephele">Nephele</a></li>

<li><a href="Spartoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Spartoi">Spartoi</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Weasel_and_Aphrodite" title="The Weasel and Aphrodite">Weasel</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Inanimate objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aconteus" title="Aconteus">Aconteus</a></li>

<li><a href="Aglaurus%2C_daughter_of_Cecrops" title="Aglaurus, daughter of Cecrops">Aglaurus</a></li>

<li><a href="Alcmene" title="Alcmene">Alcmene</a></li>

<li><a href="Anaxarete" title="Anaxarete">Anaxarete</a></li>

<li><a href="Ariadne" title="Ariadne">Ariadne</a></li>

<li><a href="Arsino%C3%AB_of_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Arsinoë of Cyprus">Arsinoë</a></li>

<li><a href="Aspalis" title="Aspalis">Aspalis</a></li>

<li><a href="Battus_(mythology)" title="Battus (mythology)">Battus</a></li>

<li><a href="Britomartis" title="Britomartis">Britomartis</a></li>

<li><a href="Calydon_(son_of_Ares)" title="Calydon (son of Ares)">Calydon</a></li>

<li><a href="Cercopes" title="Cercopes">Cercopes</a></li>

<li><a href="Cragaleus" title="Cragaleus">Cragaleus</a></li>

<li><a href="Daphnis" title="Daphnis">Daphnis</a></li>

<li><a href="Iodame" title="Iodame">Iodame</a></li>

<li><a href="Laelaps_(mythology)" title="Laelaps (mythology)">Laelaps</a></li>

<li><a href="Lethaea" title="Lethaea">Lethaea</a></li>

<li><a href="Lyco_and_Orphe" title="Lyco and Orphe">Lyco and Orphe</a></li>

<li><a href="Olenus" title="Olenus">Olenus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pallas_(Giant)" title="Pallas (Giant)">Pallas</a></li>

<li><a href="Pandareus" title="Pandareus">Pandareus</a></li>

<li><a href="Phineus_(son_of_Belus)" title="Phineus (son of Belus)">Phineus</a></li>

<li><a href="Polydectes" title="Polydectes">Polydectes</a></li>

<li><a href="Proetus_(son_of_Abas)" title="Proetus (son of Abas)">Proetus</a></li>

<li><a href="Propoetides" title="Propoetides">Propoetides</a></li>

<li><a href="Pyrrhus_(mythology)" title="Pyrrhus (mythology)">Pyrrhus</a></li>

<li><a href="Teumessian_fox" title="Teumessian fox">Teumessian fox</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Landforms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Achelous" title="Achelous">Achelous</a></li>

<li><a href="Acheron" title="Acheron">Acheron</a></li>

<li><a href="Alope" title="Alope">Alope</a></li>

<li><a href="Alpheus_(deity)" title="Alpheus (deity)">Alpheus</a></li>

<li><a href="Arethusa_(Boeotia)" title="Arethusa (Boeotia)">Arethusa (Boeotia)</a></li>

<li><a href="Arethusa_(mythology)" title="Arethusa (mythology)">Arethusa (Elis)</a></li>

<li><a href="Asteria" title="Asteria">Asteria</a></li>

<li><a href="Atlas_(mythology)" title="Atlas (mythology)">Atlas</a></li>

<li><a href="Byblis" title="Byblis">Byblis</a></li>

<li><a href="Calliste_(mythology)" title="Calliste (mythology)">Calliste</a></li>

<li><a href="Castalia" title="Castalia">Castalia</a></li>

<li><a href="Chione_(daughter_of_Callirrhoe)" title="Chione (daughter of Callirrhoe)">Chione</a></li>

<li><a href="Cleite" title="Cleite">Cleite</a></li>

<li><a href="Comaetho_(lover_of_Cydnus)" title="Comaetho (lover of Cydnus)">Comaetho</a></li>

<li><a href="Cyane" title="Cyane">Cyane</a></li>

<li><a href="Dirce" title="Dirce">Dirce</a></li>

<li><a href="Haemus" title="Haemus">Haemus</a></li>

<li><a href="Lichas" title="Lichas">Lichas</a></li>

<li><a href="Lilaeus_(mythology)" title="Lilaeus (mythology)">Lilaeus</a></li>

<li><a href="Manto_(daughter_of_Tiresias)" title="Manto (daughter of Tiresias)">Manto</a></li>

<li><a href="Marsyas" title="Marsyas">Marsyas</a></li>

<li><a href="Menippe_and_Metioche" title="Menippe and Metioche">Menippe and Metioche</a></li>

<li><a href="Niobe" title="Niobe">Niobe</a></li>

<li><a href="Perimele" title="Perimele">Perimele</a></li>

<li><a href="Pirene_(nymph)" title="Pirene (nymph)">Pirene</a></li>

<li><a href="Pyramus_and_Thisbe" title="Pyramus and Thisbe">Pyramus and Thisbe</a></li>

<li><a href="Rhodope_(queen)" title="Rhodope (queen)">Rhodope</a></li>

<li><a href="Rhodopis_and_Euthynicus" title="Rhodopis and Euthynicus">Rhodopis</a></li>

<li><a href="Sangarius_(mythology)" title="Sangarius (mythology)">Sangas</a></li>

<li><a href="Selemnus_(god)" title="Selemnus (god)">Selemnus</a></li>

<li><a href="Sybaris_(mythology)" title="Sybaris (mythology)">Sybaris</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Opposite sex</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Caeneus" title="Caeneus">Caeneus</a></li>

<li><a href="Hermaphroditus" title="Hermaphroditus">Hermaphroditus</a></li>

<li><a href="Iphis" title="Iphis">Iphis</a></li>

<li><a href="Leucippus_of_Crete" title="Leucippus of Crete">Leucippus</a></li>

<li><a href="Salmacis" title="Salmacis">Salmacis</a></li>

<li><a href="Siproites" title="Siproites">Siproites</a></li>

<li><a href="Sithon_(mythology)" title="Sithon (mythology)">Sithon</a></li>

<li><a href="Tiresias" title="Tiresias">Tiresias</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Plants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Adonis" title="Adonis">Adonis</a></li>

<li><a href="Agdistis" title="Agdistis">Agdistis</a></li>

<li><a href="Amaracus" title="Amaracus">Amaracus</a></li>

<li><a href="Ambrosia_(Hyades)" title="Ambrosia (Hyades)">Ambrosia</a></li>

<li><a href="Ampelos" title="Ampelos">Ampelus</a></li>

<li><a href="Anethus" title="Anethus">Anethus</a></li>

<li><a href="Attis" title="Attis">Attis</a></li>

<li><a href="Baucis_and_Philemon" title="Baucis and Philemon">Baucis and Philemon</a></li>

<li><a href="Karpos" title="Karpos">Carpus</a></li>

<li><a href="Carya_of_Laconia" title="Carya of Laconia">Carya</a></li>

<li><a href="Cissus_(mythology)" title="Cissus (mythology)">Cissus</a></li>

<li><a href="Clytie_(Oceanid)" title="Clytie (Oceanid)">Clytie</a></li>

<li><a href="Crocus_(mythology)" title="Crocus (mythology)">Crocus</a></li>

<li><a href="Cyparissus" title="Cyparissus">Cyparissus</a></li>

<li><a href="Daphne" title="Daphne">Daphne</a></li>

<li><a href="Diopatra_(mythology)" title="Diopatra (mythology)">Diopatra</a></li>

<li><a href="Dryope_(daughter_of_Dryops)" title="Dryope (daughter of Dryops)">Dryope</a></li>

<li><a href="Elaea_(mythology)" title="Elaea (mythology)">Elaea</a></li>

<li><a href="Elate_(mythology)" title="Elate (mythology)">Elate</a></li>

<li><a href="Eteocles_of_Orchomenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Eteocles of Orchomenus">Eteocleides</a></li>

<li><a href="Heliades" title="Heliades">Heliades</a>

<ul><li><a href="Aegle_(mythology)" title="Aegle (mythology)">Aegle</a></li>

<li><a href="Dioxippe" title="Dioxippe">Dioxippe</a></li>

<li><a href="Lampetia" title="Lampetia">Lampetia</a></li>

<li><a href="Merope_(Greek_myth)" class="mw-redirect" title="Merope (Greek myth)">Merope</a></li>

<li><a href="Phaethusa" title="Phaethusa">Phaethusa</a></li>

<li><a href="Phoebe_(mythology)" title="Phoebe (mythology)">Phoebe</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Hesperides" title="Hesperides">Hesperides</a>

<ul><li><a href="Aegle_(mythology)" title="Aegle (mythology)">Aegle</a></li>

<li><a href="Erytheia_(mythology)" title="Erytheia (mythology)">Erytheia</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Hyacinth_(mythology)" title="Hyacinth (mythology)">Hyacinthus</a></li>

<li><a href="Kalamos" title="Kalamos">Kalamos</a></li>

<li><a href="Leuce_(mythology)" title="Leuce (mythology)">Leuce</a></li>

<li><a href="Leucothoe_(daughter_of_Orchamus)" title="Leucothoe (daughter of Orchamus)">Leucothoe</a></li>

<li><a href="Libanus_(mythology)" title="Libanus (mythology)">Libanus</a></li>

<li><a href="Lotis_(mythology)" title="Lotis (mythology)">Lotis</a></li>

<li><a href="Lycurgus_of_Thrace" class="mw-redirect" title="Lycurgus of Thrace">Lycurgus</a></li>

<li><a href="Mecon_(mythology)" title="Mecon (mythology)">Mecon</a></li>

<li><a href="Melos_of_Delos" class="mw-redirect" title="Melos of Delos">Melos</a></li>

<li><a href="Messapian_shepherds" title="Messapian shepherds">Messapians</a></li>

<li><a href="Minthe" title="Minthe">Minthe</a></li>

<li><a href="Myrice_(mythology)" title="Myrice (mythology)">Myrice</a></li>

<li><a href="Myrina_(priestess)" title="Myrina (priestess)">Myrina</a></li>

<li><a href="Myrsine_(mythology)" title="Myrsine (mythology)">Myrsine</a></li>

<li><a href="Narcissus_(mythology)" title="Narcissus (mythology)">Narcissus</a></li>

<li><a href="Oechalides" title="Oechalides">Oechalides</a></li>

<li><a href="Philyra_(Oceanid)" title="Philyra (Oceanid)">Philyra</a></li>

<li><a href="Phyllis_(mythology)" title="Phyllis (mythology)">Phyllis</a></li>

<li><a href="Picolous" title="Picolous">Picolous</a></li>

<li><a href="Pitys_(mythology)" title="Pitys (mythology)">Pitys</a></li>

<li><a href="Platanus_(mythology)" title="Platanus (mythology)">Platanus</a></li>

<li><a href="Psalacantha" title="Psalacantha">Psalacantha</a></li>

<li><a href="Cerberus" title="Cerberus">Saliva</a></li>

<li><a href="Smilax_(mythology)" title="Smilax (mythology)">Smilax</a></li>

<li><a href="Myrrha" title="Myrrha">Smyrna</a></li>

<li><a href="Amphiaraus" title="Amphiaraus">Spear</a></li>

<li><a href="Syceus" title="Syceus">Syceus</a></li>

<li><a href="Syrinx" title="Syrinx">Syrinx</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Voluntary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Greek_gods" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek gods">Greek gods</a></li>

<li><a href="Kobalos" title="Kobalos">Kobalos</a></li>

<li><a href="Mestra" title="Mestra">Mestra</a></li>

<li><a href="Periclymenus" title="Periclymenus">Periclymenus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cumaean_Sibyl" title="Cumaean Sibyl">Cumaean Sibyl</a></li>

<li><a href="Hyades_(mythology)" title="Hyades (mythology)">Hyades</a></li>

<li><a href="Hylas" title="Hylas">Hylas</a></li>

<li><a href="Pleiades_(Greek_mythology)" title="Pleiades (Greek mythology)">Pleiades</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cef2e0;width:1%">False myths</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Acantha" title="Acantha">Acantha</a></li>

<li><a href="Amethyste" title="Amethyste">Amethyste</a></li>

<li><a href="Orchis_(mythology)" title="Orchis (mythology)">Orchis</a></li>

<li><a href="Rhodanthe_(mythology)" title="Rhodanthe (mythology)">Rhodanthe</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#cef2e0"><div>

<ul><li><a href="Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231743#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1259" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1231743#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1259" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Authority control databases </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/74791230">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/210201768">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/124669700">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh88004644">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15725808n">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15725808n">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007548822505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/124669700">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/114636567">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lux.collections.yale.edu/view/concept/8b36e40f-780e-45db-8fa6-a081509a38c4">Yale LUX</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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